hyperprolactinemia

Hyperprolactinemia is the over production of the prolactin hormone (the milk-producing hormone) by the pituitary gland. Hyperprolactinemia interferes with the normal functioning of the hypothalamus and, as a result, prevents ovulation (egg release).

symptoms
cause
treatment

symptoms

In women, the symptoms of this disorder include galactorrhoea (the production of milk by women who are not breast-feeding) and anovulation. Heightened prolactin levels can be identified through a blood test.

cause

Hyperprolactinemia can be caused by a variety of factors such as:

Benign swellings (tumours) of the pituitary (called prolactinoma).
Thyroid gland disorders.
Some medications, such as antihypertensive (high blood-pressure) therapies and nausea medication.
Oral contraceptives and illegal drugs (such as marijuana).

treatment

Treatment will depend on the underlying cause. A closer examination of the head (MRI scan) may be necessary in order to exclude the possibility of a prolactinoma or a thyroid gland tumour, especially if in the presence of other symptoms such as hazy eyesight.

A variety of medication and surgical methods can be used to treat hyperprolactinemia:

Bromocriptine is used to reduce excessive prolactin levels.
Clomiphene is sometimes used to stimulate ovulation.
Surgery is only employed to remove potential tumours (a more risky procedure).

Clinic locator

Find a Clinic in your neighborhood

hyperprolactinemia

symptoms

cause

treatment

Clinic locator

Fertility Coach